Introduction
breast surgery is performed to increase the size and shape of women's breasts. Surgery usually improves individual image. Historically, breast enlargement, which was accomplished by the third method, with varying records of success.
inert material, for example. silicone and paraffin was injected directly into the pulp tissue to increase breast size. This method was abandoned because of the extremely high incidence of acute and late complications. Granulomas Are Often this procedure, as are complications related the loss of skin and scar contracture producing excessive distortion. Gas
tissue injections also have been Used to enhance and try to increase the shape of women's breasts. Gas tissues, including omentum, fat, muscle, lipomas, and skin dermis in the form of fat and skin grafts were used to strengthen and enlarge the breasts. The results of the injection gas tissues were not positive and predictable. In addition to the scars and texture of inequality, which can be seen in patients who underwent injection of breast tissue, microcalcifications develop. This makes the exercise more mammograms to those women on the early detection of breast cancer possible.
Last suction pump was used to try to improve breast shape. However, although some extensions has been the general shape of the aesthetic of these missed greatly.
implants have been used since 1960 to strengthen and expand the shape of a woman's breast tissue. There are currently a solution for such extensions mammaplasty. For the first time in 1964, when reported by Cronin and Gerow, silicon is still used to supplement women breasts.1 silicone-filled implants advantages include a minimum solubility and excellent viscosity silicone material, providing an excellent feeling of the breast. Problems associated with silicone implants are pouches contracture, granulomas that develop after the leaching of silicone from the implant and the silicone MIGRATION Pacha. Autoimmune response observed in the silicone implants FIELD breast augmentation. Were discredited because of the amount of comprehensive long-term studies, which showed no increased incidence of long-term problems in many women who have silicone implants with extensions.
When the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) temporarily removed silicone implants because of the alleged increased incidence of autoimmune phenomena, a significant amount of interest generated in the use of saline implants to increase breast tissue. Saline-filled implants have been used since 1960. Is absorbed into the bloodstream Saline or loss of integrity of safe implant capsule develops. Saline is commonly used in intravenous (iv solutions) and poses no risk to patients.
Saline implants have a handbag allegedly contracture rate decreased as compared with silicone implants. However, little salt decreased compared to the viscosity of the silicone. The first use of saline implants resulted in the frequent occurrence of deflation (about 10%). Over the past 10 years, a lot of work, implant manufacturers to improve the consistency of implants, and in particular to improve the reliability of the valve mechanism for introduction of saline implant deflation rates led, which are envisaged for less than 1%.
After removal from the general use by the FDA, silicone implants have been thoroughly tested and proven low complication rates comparable and in some cases lower than saline implants. Subcommittee The FDA recommended that the silicone implants silicone implants to be reintroduced in the United States. Silicone implants were not ever removed from the European market.
History
procedure implants can be round or teardrop-shaped. Round implants are disc shaped and exhibit equal fullness in all four quadrants of the breast.
(Above) View Preoperative 28-year-old woman with micromastia. She had two children. Note: small breasts decreased upper pole fullness. (Below) View after submuscular surgical expansion of the round implant. Notice increased Pełni górnych piersi biegunów. Lokowania Submuscular sprawia, Że trudno zrozumieć krawędzi implantu.
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(Powyżej) Zobacz Przedoperacyjna 28-letnia kobieta z micromastia. Miała Ona 2 dzieci. Uwaga: małe piersi zmniejszyła się górny Pełni biegun. (Poniżej) Zobacz pooperacyjne po submuscular rozszerzeń z rundy implantu. Zawiadomienie wzrosła Pełni górnych piersi biegunów. Lokowania Submuscular sprawia, Że trudno zrozumieć krawędzi implantu.
Lub Teardrop implanty anatomiczne wykazują zmniejszenie Pełni Górnym w rozszerzeń biegunie piersi ze zwiększoną pełnię piersi w dolnej Field. These prostheses are also narrower in the upper and lower poles of the implants than rounded.
(Above) View Preoperative 26-year-old woman with minimal Fully Upper Pole, asymmetrical breasts. (Below) the outcome in the postoperative period following submuscular placement of anatomically shaped implants. Notice increase in lower pole fullness and lack of upper pole fullness in relation to the round of the implant shown in the first Graphics
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(Above) View Preoperative 26-year-old woman with minimal Fully Upper Pole, asymmetrical breasts. (Below) the outcome in the postoperative period after submuscular placement of anatomically shaped implants. Notice increase in lower pole fullness and lack of upper pole fullness in relation to the round of the implant shown in the first Graphics
capsule implant can be textured or smooth. Textured implants were originally created as an alternative to polyurethane-covered silicone gel implants, which were first introduced in 1970. Initial reports indicated a polyurethane-covered silicone gel implants resulted in decreased capsule formation. Ingrowth scars on the surface of the polyurethane was requested to break down the forces of scar contracture of the vector. Because of changes in scar contracture vectors, scar capsule was not in a position to assume a degree this way, as always present around implants, however, never proved, this theory was finally in the scientific study.
However, it became clear that the polyurethane passed microfragmentation and phagocytosis. In addition, polyurethane will be possible to break down and dissolve the tissue locally after placement of implants these. Intense foreign body reaction with numerous macrophages and multinucleated giant cells of the capsule occurred in some patients who have this type of implant.
Because of these problems, implants coated with a layer of polyurethane were removed from the market. Implant manufacturers, trying to potentially play the Conservation Values \u200b\u200bfor contracture in polyurethane bags covered with silicone gel implants, sought to increase the wall standard saline implants reproduce the effect observed polyurethane. The same approach could also attempted to silicone implants. Unfortunately, not the result of increasing the thickness of the capsule surface texturing to reduce capsule contracture Ultimately patients undergoing breast augmentation. Reports due to increased wrinkles textured implants placed in patients undergoing breast augmentation has been reported.
Contraindications Severe prolapse
relative contraindication to surgery. Women with prolapse may require Significant reduction surgery, or both secondary proceedings. Women with breast ducts also are at significant risk of secondary procedures after the extension to resolve remaining deformity secondary to the primary tubular shape of the breast. Rate Serious illnesses related to the patient with each patient, as in the case of each surgery.
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